Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis Health And Social Care Essay

The central point in this study was to mensurate the personal satisfaction ( QOL ) among the patients with indicative articulatio variety degenerative joint pain ( OA ) who go toing specialists essential health consideration facility. Other than that, this study other than would wish to occur out the relationship between socio-segment and clinical situation of patients with knee OA and their personal satisfaction. The overview points ought to be explicit, mensurable, precise, reliable and opportunity. In this review, the points were referenced that the QOL is being estimated explicitly on patients with a particular sort of joint inflammation. The QOL was estimated by using 36SF which had been approved in old study ( Kosinski, 1999 ) . The study had the option to carry on from1st September 2003 stone mud 30th April 2004. Along these lines, this overview points were appropriately defined.3. Hypothesis usedThere is no hypothesis been referenced in the review. In this overview, the essayists may use the personal satisfaction hypothesis. The hypothesis depends on advancement towards felicity. At the end of the day is, it is the ‘true being ‘ on the build of human requests. The hypothesis clarifies that if universes take more obligation for their ain life, they execute the great characteristics into utilization ; they will go free, glad, incredible and sound. This is other than known as Maslow ‘s build of self-completion. It plays an of import map in present day clinical claim to fame especially in understanding the self-awareness holding incessant diseases..4. HypothesisIn this study, there was no referencing of any speculation. In any case, the void speculation that can be proposed is that ‘Patient with articulatio family OA go toing specialists essential wellbeing consideration center has great personal satisfaction in both physical and mental constituent ‘ , wheares the substitute theory could be composed as ‘Patient with articulatio class OA go toing specialists essential health consideration facility has hapless personal satisfaction in both physical and mental constituent ‘ .5. Examination designThis correlational plan cross-sectional study which was completed from the first September 2003 rock earth 30th April 2004. This study qualifies as correlational on the grounds that the informations gathered give themselves only to readi ngs about the evaluation of QOL to which the factors are identified with one another. It would simply state us that there is a connection between the OA conditions with HRQOT.6. Examining methodThe testing technique utilized was asserted as cosmopolitan inspecting, in which all patients with side effects of articulatio class OA who went to two distinct specialists wellbeing facilities in Hulu Langat, Selangor, Malaysia were taken as test. In position of the little graduated table review which just included two specialists centers, the whole patient with OA is other than pretty much nothing. To make an arbitrary difficult would non be contributing in this instance.7. SampleThrough out the eight months of informations accumulation, simply 213 patients with OA were been enlisted. The consideration principles that was spread out †in which every one of the 50 mature ages old or more patients that were sing the outpatient specialists health center, would be the members. Nonetheless, the rejections gauges was other than laid that the individuals who were uneducated, who couldn't answer the poll, who required clinic permission, and the individuals who required or those with permanence or abnormalcy of the lower appendage. With the incorporation and prohibition gauges, the review figured out how to hold 151 members completing the survey. In this review, there was no adverting on how the insignificant example size calculation was finished. In any case, for the 1s that couldn't measure that correlativity, the examination laborers might have the option to use a basic looking at of the two extents as a preliminary for the balance of checking the example size. Utilizing PASS 2000 bundle, the calculation of test size is-if the extents of the 2 gatherings in this overview were required to be 0.20 and 0.35 ( ? = .05 ; and A ; szlig ; = .20 [ 80 % power ] ) , the insignificant example size of 275 members is required ( Delucchi, 2004 ) .8. Method of informations aggregation Techniques in information assortment permit reliably conglomeration of data about objects of overview and the scenes which they happen. In this review, informations on the clinical highlights and socio-segment of the members were recorded however did non referenced where they were recorded. The SF-36 signifier Malay semantic correspondence form was either self-directed by the members or being driven vis-à-vis by a questioner. Any respondents by family unit individuals or companions to the SF-36 signifier were non engaged. It members incapable to comprehend the survey, the examination laborer would only re-read the requests. The members would answer the request blending to their dread. Overseeing composed poll is a more affordable informations conglomeration strategy and it can chop down partialities because of give voicing request in any case by various respondents. It offers anonymity to the respondents and allows increasingly good reaction. In any case, requests might be misconst rued by the respondents and each piece referenced in the review only the literates were picked as participants.9. Measure/instrumentsIn this review, SF-36 was utilized to mensurate the HRQOL. It is a 36-thing instrument intended to gauge fundamental health builds. It is pertinent to be utilized across ailment, age and intercession gatherings. It has been approved and a reliable conventional instrument that has been utilized extensively to mensurate HRQOL. The Malay form of SF-36 had been interpreted and approved. It was utilized in the Malayan National Quality of Life Survey 2000. It estimated eight circles which comprised of physical activity ( PF ) , job physical ( RP ) , substantial harming ( BP ) , general health ( GH ) , imperativeness/vitality ( VT ) , cultural activity ( SF ) , work enthusiastic ( RE ) and mental wellbeing ( MH ) . The tonss on every circle extended from 0 ( lower limit ) to 100 ( furthest breaking point ) . The higher the tonss, demonstrates the health const ituents to be better. Since this instruments has been approved and been utilized in arranged surveies, it is fitting to use it in this survey.10. FindingssThe study demonstrated that taken all in all mean tonss were supra 50.00 in all features of QOL. There was nearly lower mark in the circles identified with the physical health position when contrasted with the psychological wellbeing position. The exploration laborers other than run different examination with the accessible informations and found that: a. a significant negative correlativity among PF and age b. the guys would be wise to stamp in greater part of the QOL features, unconventionally in the PF c. patients with no proper guidance scored better in mental wellbeing constituent especially in VT and RE. d. patients with co-morbidities appeared to hit not exactly those without co-dismalness in the vast majority of the QOL spaces especially in SF. e. The duration of articulatio variety harming is contrarily connected with all the QOL features aside from RE, and it other than demonstrated to be essentially negative associated with the RP circle. f. patients with higher BMI scored lower QOL in SF. g. PF tonss was essentially relationship with age and sex. h. VT and RE tonss were significant relationship with guidance degrees. Essentially, the examination laborers would wish to answer to the points that to mensurate the QOL among the patients with demonstrative articulatio genuss OA who go toing specialists essential wellbeing consideration facility and it indicated that the normal characteristic of the considerable number of aspects of QOL that being contemplated was above 50.00. Exploration laborers other than had discover some dealingss between the ‘patients with articulatio sort OA ‘ , their socio-segment and clinical position and their personal satisfaction. In any case, the affiliations were non depicted in a table signifier with the goal that the peruser would hold a superior perceptual encounter on the vicarship investigation findings.11. DecisionThe choice in this overview addressed the point of the review in a roundabout way. It should territory that the normal characteristic of all the circle in QOL was above 50.00 and may advert that the patients had relatively hapless personal sati sfaction in the physical wellbeing constituents yet less on the psychological health. The exploration laborers referenced two of import forecasters of hapless PF in tolerant with articulatio variety OA which is female sexual orientation and more established age, yet did non demo how the forecasters were built up. The examination laborers other than guaranteed that higher BMI patients endured additionally harming †which just show relationship.12. InterpretationThe perusing of informations was non obviously appeared in this study. The measurable investigation strategy referenced was proper blending to the factors and the points. Be that as it may, it is difficult to understand the data when the general bivariate investigation discoveries were non appeared in the writing. The exploration laborers only referenced the significant findings.13. RestrictionThis review was done to the patient with articulatio family OA who went to the specialists health center. Consequently, it can non be derived to everyone. This is other than recommended by the examination laborers that a major graduated table network based review ought to be led to see more QOL factors affecting OA patients. The poll was in Malay semantic correspondence just. This is inclination towards other patient in various ethnicity. There ought to be approved different etymological correspondences polls to be utilized in this study. By using poll as instrument of the review, it had constrained the members to the literates. It is suitable to utilized blend procedure to earn progressively various informations.14. Moral considerationIn this study, there is no referencing of assent taken from the patients either verbal or composed assent. The examination specialist

Incremental profit Essay Example for Free

Steady benefit Essay Recognize the accompanying: an) Industry request and Firm (Company) request, b) Short-run request and Long run request, and c) Durable goods’ request and Non-strong products request. 2 . What are the issues looked in deciding the interest for a solid decent? Outline with case of interest for family units cooler or TV. 3 . Break down the technique by which a firm can assign the given publicizing financial plan between various media of promotion. 4 . What sort of relationship would you propose between short-run and since quite a while ago run normal cost bends when these are not U-molded as recommended by the advanced speculations? 5 . How request guaging strategies for new items shift from those for built up items? 6 . What are the various techniques for estimating national salary? Which strategies have been followed in India? 7 . What do you comprehend by the speculation multiplier? How can it guard the arrangement of open takes a shot at the piece of the state during business wretchedness? 8 . Examine the different periods of business cycle: a. Are patterned variances essential for monetary development? b. Recommend suitable financial and fiscal arrangements for sorrow Task B: all Contextual analysis Electron Control, Inc., offers voltage controllers to different makers, who at that point modify and circulate the items to quality affirmation labs for their touchy test gear. The yearly volume of yield is 15,000 units. The selling cost and cost per unit are demonstrated below: Selling cost $200 Expenses: Direct material $35 Direct work 50 Variable overhead 25 Variable selling costs 25 Fixed selling costs 15 150 Unit benefit before charge $ 50 The board is assessing the option of playing out the essential tweaking to permit Electron Control to sell its yield straightforwardly to Q/A labs for $275 per unit. Albeit no additional speculation is required in profitable offices, extra preparing costs are assessed as: Direct work $25 per unit Variable overhead $15 per unit Variable selling costs $10 per unit Fixed selling costs $100,000 every year Figure the steady benefit Electron Control would procure by redoing its instruments and promoting legitimately to end clients.

A Central Processing Unit

A Central Processing Unit A focal handling unit, otherwise called focal processor unit, is the equipment inside a PC framework that procedure guidelines of a PC program by playing out the straightforward arithmetical, coherent, and input/yield (I/O) activities of the framework. The term has been used in the PC business about since the mid 1960s. The idea, plan, and execution of CPUs have adjusted over the time of its history, however the establishment of its activity is still un-change. On huge machines, CPUs need at any rate one printed circuit sheets. For the PCs and little workstations, the CPU is introduced into one silicon chip called a microchip. During the 1970s the microchip sort of CPUs had about completely actualize all other CPU usage. Present day CPUs are in enormous scope coordinated circuits in bundles typically littler than four centimeters square, with many associating pins. Two normal things of a CPU are the number juggling rationale unit (ALU), which process number-crunching and legitimate t asks, and the control unit (CU), which extricates guidelines from memory and deciphers at that point executes them, approaching the ALU when required. Few out of every odd computational frameworks rely upon a focal handling unit. An exhibit processor or vector processor has many equal registering components, with no unit to be known the middle. For the dispersed registering model, issues are adjusted by a circulated interconnected arrangement of processors. (Himes, A. 2012) Answer for question 1 PCs, for example, the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer) should be truly reworked to convey various tasks, that outcomes these machines to be known as fixed-program PCs. Since the word CPU is essentially known as a gadget for programming (PC program) execution, the absolute first gadgets that could appropriately be known as CPUs accompanied the appearance of the put away program PC. The idea of a put away program PC was at that point existed in the structure of J. Presper Eckert and John William Mauchlys ENIAC, however was excluded from the start with the goal that it could be finished quicker. On June 30, 1945, preceding ENIAC was made, mathematician John von Neumann dispersed the paper called First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC (Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer). It was the arrangement of a put away program PC that ought to be done in August 1949. EDVAC was made to complete some measure of directions (or activities) of different sorts. The directions can be joined to make helpful projects for the EDVAC to work. The projects made for EDVAC were spared in rapid PC memory rather than indicated by the physical wiring of the PC. This settle the issue of a genuine confinement of ENIAC, which was the cquite a measure of time and exertion expected to reconfigure the PC to complete another undertaking. Utilizing the von Neumanns usage, the program, or p rogramming, that EDVAC perform could be altered effectively by changing the substance of the memory. (Himes, A. 2012) Everything about PC plans of the start of year 1950s was a remarkable structure. There were no upward-perfect gadgets or PC structures with various, fluctuating usage. Projects intended for a machine probably won't work on another sort, considerably different sorts from the comparable organization. This was not an extraordinary disadvantage around then due to there was not an enormous collection of programming made to take a shot at PCs, so beginning programming from the earliest starting point was not a major issue. The plan adaptability of the time was significant, for fashioners were prohibitive by the expense of gadgets, yet just began to find about how a PC could best be sorted out. Certain basic highlights executed during this time like the record registers (on the Ferranti Mark 1), an arrival address putting away guidance (UNIVAC I), quick operands (IBM 704), and the identification of invalid tasks (IBM 650). (http://www.inetdaemon.com/instructional exercises/PCs/equipment/cpu /2012) By the late of the year 1950s business developers had made manufacturing plant built, truck-deliverable PCs. The most notable introduced PC was the IBM 650, which utilized drum memory into the projects that were stacked utilizing either paper tape or punched cards. Certain exceptionally very good quality machines likewise use center memory which brings about higher velocities. Hard circles were additionally begin to turn out to be all the more generally use. (http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/C/CPU.html 1970) A PC is a programmed math device. The sort of number framework will result the manner in which it works. In the mid 1950s greater part PCs were made for explicit numerical handling tasks, and numerous machines used decimal numbers as their fundamental number framework. That is the numerical elements of the machines toiled in base-10 rather than base-2 as is general today. These were not exclusively twofold coded decimal. Most machines generally had ten vacuum tubes for each digit in each register. (Himes, A. 2012) Toward the finish of year 1970, primary coding languages couldn't normalize their numeric conduct because of decimal PCs had gatherings of clients too huge to distance. In any event, when originators use the parallel framework, they despite everything had numerous weird thoughts. Some pre-owned sign-size math (- 1 = 10001), or ones supplement (- 1 = 11110), rather than present day twos supplement number-crunching (- 1 = 11111). Larger part PCs utilized 6-piece character sets, because of they respectably encoded Hollerith cards. It was a genuine disclosure to creators of this period to know that the information word ought to be a numerous of the character size. They began to make PCs with 12, 24 and 36 piece information words. (RMI Media Productions. 1979) Instead of contemporary CPUs which was from the year 1990 until today, the plan and development of the CPU has new execution and levels which makes current CPU all the more speedier, little and effective in contrast with the early structures of CPU. One of the usage is multi-stringing. Present plans perform best when the PC is working just an application, anyway pretty much every current working framework grant the client to play out a few applications at the specific time. For the CPU to change over and do task on another program needs exorbitant setting exchanging. In correlation, multi-strung CPUs can oversee guidelines from a few applications on the double. To do this, this sort of CPUs include various arrangements of registers. At the point when a setting switch happens, the substance of the working registers are simply copied into one of a lot of registers for this expectation. This sort of structures normally include a great many registers instead of hundreds as in an average plan. On the burden, registers are probably going to be to some degree exorbitant in chip space required to actualize them. This chip space could somehow or another be used for some other capacity. Second execution is multi-center. Multi-center CPUs are normally various CPU centers on the comparative bite the dust, connected to one another through a mutual L2 or L3 store, an on-pass on transport, or an on-kick the bucket crossbar switch. Everything about CPU centers on the kick the bucket share interconnect segments with which to interface to different processors and the remainder of the framework. These parts may comprise of a front side transport interface, a memory controller to interface with DRAM, a reserve cognizant associated with different processors, and a non-reasonable associated with the southbridge and I/O gadgets. The words multi-center and MPU (which is Micro-Processor Unit) have come into regular use for an individual bite the dust that comprises of different CPU centers. Thirdly is long guidance word(VLIW) and Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing (EPIC). VLIW identifies with a processor engineering made to use the upside of guidance level parallelism (ILP). While regular processors normally just license programs that indicate guidelines to be completed in a steady progression, a VLIW processor grant programs that can unmistakably determine directions to be performed at the specific time (for example in equal). This sort of processor design is intended to empower better without the inalienable advancement of some different ways. Intels Itanium chip depends on what they call an EPIC plan. This plan as far as anyone know s offers the VLIW advantage of improved guidance throughput. In any case, it forestalls a portion of the issues of scaling and multifaceted nature, by plainly giving in each heap of guidelines data concerning their conditions. This data is determined by the compiler, as it would be in a VLIW structure. The underlying adaptations are additionally in reverse perfect with existing x86 programming by methods for an on-chip imitating mode. Whole number execution was bad and paying little heed to improvements, deals in volume markets keep on being low. One of the soonest CPU was the UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer I) in the year 1951 and the speed of this CPU was 0.0008 IPS (Instructions every second). As in year 2011, one of the quickest PC CPUs was the Intel Core i7 Extreme Edition 3960X which has an amazing velocity of 53.3 IPS. Contrasted with the early CPU like the UNIVAC I, the most recent CPU is in any event sixty-six times quicker. (Mostafa, E. what's more, Hesham. 2005) End for question 1 Focal preparing unit (CPU) is a significant segment in a PC since it process guidelines of a PC program by playing out the basic arithmetical, consistent, and input/yield (I/O) tasks of the framework. That is the reason CPU otherwise called the mind of the PC. The CPU has wealthy in history since the year 1945 preceding the CPU expression had been use and the structure and usage of the CPU had improved immensely throughout the years, in this manner, getting all the more remarkable and productive. CPU had been utilized in different kind of PCs, from PC to super PC. Presentation for question 2 Discussing PC design, a transport is a subsystem that moves information among components inside a PC, or between PCs. Introductory PC transports were equal

Film Critique-Bioethical Imperatives Scholarship Essay

Film Critique-Bioethical Imperatives - Scholarship Essay Example With this worry, the exposition looks at the bioethical issues featured in the plots of these two motion pictures by analyzing them, at the background of the present significant speculations. Correspondingly, four moral structures, including ‘justice’, ‘rights’, ‘duty’ and ‘virtue-based ethics’ will be tended to in this exposition while contrasting the over two movies. The motion pictures â€Å"And the Band Played On† just as â€Å"The Rain Maker†, both tended to certain bioethical issues that rose in the mid twentieth century dependent on the then led clinical research. In any case, the previous was a show dependent on the enduring of the individuals and their absence of cognizance, giving a sign of the holes continuing in the traditionalist society, while the later agreed to the components of all puzzle, anticipation and dramatization. â€Å"The Rain Maker† film explained on a monetary emergency looked by a kid experiencing leukemia, who could have been spared if just the insurance agency was on pleasing standing to pay for the bone-marrow transplant (Cohen, n.d.). Therefore, the plot for â€Å"And the Band Played On† was significantly centered around the moral issues encompassing the quickly expanding pace of HIV contamination in mid 1980s, showing the impact of political factors on such issues (Noonan, 2008). The bio ethics reflected in the last spins around the components of clinical morals and its escape clauses under the impression of solid socio-political decisions (Sass, 2007). Contingent upon the bioethical objectives, four moral structures have been considered to look into the plots in the two chose motion pictures. The equity based methodology suggests that individuals ought to be treated by their particular difficult work. Be that as it may, the current world mirrors a tremendous irregularity emerging from lopsided social force or budgetary force appointments (Markkula Center for Applied Ethics, 2014). For example, â€Å"The Rain Maker† concentrated on the disparity

National One Cent Day The Long History (and Murky Future) of the U.S. Penny

National One Cent Day The Long History (and Murky Future) of the U.S. Penny National One Cent Day: The Long History (and Murky Future) of the U.S. Penny National One Cent Day: The Long History (and Murky Future) of the U.S. PennyPennies pre-date the U.S., dating as far back as Anglo-Saxon Britain, but its looking increasingly unlikely that theyll be around for much longer.Did you know that today is National One Cent Day? It’s true! And yes, we know today is also April Fools Day, but we swear were not making this up! Why would we?! As an April Fools joke, making up a fake national holiday for the U.S. penny would be unspeakably lame!In fact, rather than come up with some sort of prank post, we decided to play things straight and use this opportunity to share a little bit of the history behind the U.S. penny. Are you wondering why this holiday is called “One Cent Day instead of “Penny Day? That seems a little weird, right? Well, read on to find out why! Pennies pre-date the U.S.Coins have been around for a long time. Like, a long time: Almost 3,000 years. And while pennies don’t go back quite that long, they have been around fo r a lot longer than the U.S. In fact, the English word “penny”â€"as well as other derivations like “pfennig” in German or “penning” in Swedishâ€"used to simply denote any kind of coin, not a specific type.But in 790 A.D., the Anglo-Saxon King Offa introduced the first official English penny. While we associate modern pennies’ distinctive reddish look with the copper used to mint them, Offa’s pennies were made entirely of silver.As the English currency system evolved throughout the centuries, pennies remained near the bottom, above only half-cent pieces, also known as “ha’ pennies”. In the English system, 12 pennies made up a shilling, with 20 shillings in a pound. It wasn’t until 1971 that the English switched over to a “decimal” system, with 100 pennies in a poundâ€"ditching shillings altogether.The English penny proved to be a very popular coin. That’s why it’s still around today! Even once the United States had won their war of independence from Gr eat Britain in 1781, they couldn’t bear to part with their beloved pennies.One cent, indivisible.Well, sort of. Here’s the thing: American pennies aren’t actually called pennies. Or rather, they’re not “officially” called. Officially, they are one-cent coins. But try arguing that the next time you’re having a night out with your friends. U.S. one-cent coins are definitely pennies.The first American penny was minted in 1787, six years after the end of the American Revolution. These pennies were known as Fugio Coppers, and they were 100 percent copperâ€"some of which was contributed by Paul Revere. himself. Even though Fugio Coppers were issued by the U.S. government, they were struck by a private mint.Fugio Coppers are often credited to Ben Franklinâ€"which seems pretty par for the course during that period of American historyand they were sometimes referred to as the “Franklin Cent.” Franklin is also credited with the famous phrase, “a penny saved is a penny earn ed.”In 1793, the U.S. Mint struck its first one-cent coins, issuing 11,000 of them on March 1st of that year. Like their Franklinite predecessors, these coins were also 100 percent copper. They were also hugeâ€"approximately the size of a modern half-dollar.As time has progressed, the ratio of copper to other metals present in pennies has declined. Since 1982, U.S. pennies are only 2.5 copper. (Weirdly enough, dimes, nickels, and quarters are almost entirely copper.) In 1815, no pennies were minted at all due to a copper shortage produced by the War of 1812.Other pennies were minted by the U.S. over the ensuing decades, including the “Indian” cent, minted in 1959, which was primarily used to pay Union Soldiers during the Civil War. Oh, and speaking of the Civil War Enter the Lincoln penny.In 1909, President Theodore Roosevelt wanted to do something special to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Abraham Lincoln’s birthday. So he introduced the Lincoln penny featuring the pre sident’s likeness.The Lincoln cent was actually the first U.S. coin to feature the likeness of a real person. All previous coins had featured portrayals of the mythical figure “Liberty” or other such idealized portraits. Lincoln’s visage was captured by sculptor Victor David Brenner.While there was a strong public sentiment against using portraits of real people on American coinage, the Lincoln penny was a massive success. (People really love Abraham Lincoln.) The coin was so popular, in fact, that it has simply become the U.S. one-cent piece.Lincoln Pennies were originally 95 percent copper. During World War II, these pennies had to be made using materials other than copper, as those metals were needed for the war effort.The resulting war-time pennies were made of steel, coated in a thin layer of zinc. They bore a striking resemblance to dimes and had a tendency to rust and deteriorate over time. As a result, they were not popular.Are pennies going extinct?In 1980, U.S. mil itary bases stopped using pennies altogether. The cost of keeping the coins in circulation overseas was simply too great. All on-base transactions were simply rounded up or down to the nearest five-cent increment.This brings us to a factoid that you’ve probably heard before but that bears repeating: The U.S. one-cent piece costs more to produce than it’s actually worth. That’s right! A one-cent penny costs 1.8 cents to make.And what’s more, the low-value for these coins means that people don’t really use them. So the U.S. Mint has to keep producing more and more of them to keep the penny in circulation. By some estimates, the country’s penny-related losses will top one billion dollars over the next decade.So should we just call the penny kaput? Many folks think so. In 2017, Arizona Senator John McCain even introduced the COINS Act, which would have eliminated one-cent coins altogether. Pennies may pre-date American, but its looking increasingly unlikely that theyll outla st it.If you enjoyed this post, check out these other articles from OppLoans:The Secret Financial History of VotingHow Have Movie Stars’ Salaries Changed Over Time?Love and Money: A Brief History of DowriesIs There a Secret Money Lesson Hidden In “The Wizard of Oz?”Do you have a personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |Instagram

National One Cent Day The Long History (and Murky Future) of the U.S. Penny

National One Cent Day The Long History (and Murky Future) of the U.S. Penny National One Cent Day: The Long History (and Murky Future) of the U.S. Penny National One Cent Day: The Long History (and Murky Future) of the U.S. PennyPennies pre-date the U.S., dating as far back as Anglo-Saxon Britain, but its looking increasingly unlikely that theyll be around for much longer.Did you know that today is National One Cent Day? It’s true! And yes, we know today is also April Fools Day, but we swear were not making this up! Why would we?! As an April Fools joke, making up a fake national holiday for the U.S. penny would be unspeakably lame!In fact, rather than come up with some sort of prank post, we decided to play things straight and use this opportunity to share a little bit of the history behind the U.S. penny. Are you wondering why this holiday is called “One Cent Day instead of “Penny Day? That seems a little weird, right? Well, read on to find out why! Pennies pre-date the U.S.Coins have been around for a long time. Like, a long time: Almost 3,000 years. And while pennies don’t go back quite that long, they have been around fo r a lot longer than the U.S. In fact, the English word “penny”â€"as well as other derivations like “pfennig” in German or “penning” in Swedishâ€"used to simply denote any kind of coin, not a specific type.But in 790 A.D., the Anglo-Saxon King Offa introduced the first official English penny. While we associate modern pennies’ distinctive reddish look with the copper used to mint them, Offa’s pennies were made entirely of silver.As the English currency system evolved throughout the centuries, pennies remained near the bottom, above only half-cent pieces, also known as “ha’ pennies”. In the English system, 12 pennies made up a shilling, with 20 shillings in a pound. It wasn’t until 1971 that the English switched over to a “decimal” system, with 100 pennies in a poundâ€"ditching shillings altogether.The English penny proved to be a very popular coin. That’s why it’s still around today! Even once the United States had won their war of independence from Gr eat Britain in 1781, they couldn’t bear to part with their beloved pennies.One cent, indivisible.Well, sort of. Here’s the thing: American pennies aren’t actually called pennies. Or rather, they’re not “officially” called. Officially, they are one-cent coins. But try arguing that the next time you’re having a night out with your friends. U.S. one-cent coins are definitely pennies.The first American penny was minted in 1787, six years after the end of the American Revolution. These pennies were known as Fugio Coppers, and they were 100 percent copperâ€"some of which was contributed by Paul Revere. himself. Even though Fugio Coppers were issued by the U.S. government, they were struck by a private mint.Fugio Coppers are often credited to Ben Franklinâ€"which seems pretty par for the course during that period of American historyand they were sometimes referred to as the “Franklin Cent.” Franklin is also credited with the famous phrase, “a penny saved is a penny earn ed.”In 1793, the U.S. Mint struck its first one-cent coins, issuing 11,000 of them on March 1st of that year. Like their Franklinite predecessors, these coins were also 100 percent copper. They were also hugeâ€"approximately the size of a modern half-dollar.As time has progressed, the ratio of copper to other metals present in pennies has declined. Since 1982, U.S. pennies are only 2.5 copper. (Weirdly enough, dimes, nickels, and quarters are almost entirely copper.) In 1815, no pennies were minted at all due to a copper shortage produced by the War of 1812.Other pennies were minted by the U.S. over the ensuing decades, including the “Indian” cent, minted in 1959, which was primarily used to pay Union Soldiers during the Civil War. Oh, and speaking of the Civil War Enter the Lincoln penny.In 1909, President Theodore Roosevelt wanted to do something special to commemorate the 100th anniversary of Abraham Lincoln’s birthday. So he introduced the Lincoln penny featuring the pre sident’s likeness.The Lincoln cent was actually the first U.S. coin to feature the likeness of a real person. All previous coins had featured portrayals of the mythical figure “Liberty” or other such idealized portraits. Lincoln’s visage was captured by sculptor Victor David Brenner.While there was a strong public sentiment against using portraits of real people on American coinage, the Lincoln penny was a massive success. (People really love Abraham Lincoln.) The coin was so popular, in fact, that it has simply become the U.S. one-cent piece.Lincoln Pennies were originally 95 percent copper. During World War II, these pennies had to be made using materials other than copper, as those metals were needed for the war effort.The resulting war-time pennies were made of steel, coated in a thin layer of zinc. They bore a striking resemblance to dimes and had a tendency to rust and deteriorate over time. As a result, they were not popular.Are pennies going extinct?In 1980, U.S. mil itary bases stopped using pennies altogether. The cost of keeping the coins in circulation overseas was simply too great. All on-base transactions were simply rounded up or down to the nearest five-cent increment.This brings us to a factoid that you’ve probably heard before but that bears repeating: The U.S. one-cent piece costs more to produce than it’s actually worth. That’s right! A one-cent penny costs 1.8 cents to make.And what’s more, the low-value for these coins means that people don’t really use them. So the U.S. Mint has to keep producing more and more of them to keep the penny in circulation. By some estimates, the country’s penny-related losses will top one billion dollars over the next decade.So should we just call the penny kaput? Many folks think so. In 2017, Arizona Senator John McCain even introduced the COINS Act, which would have eliminated one-cent coins altogether. Pennies may pre-date American, but its looking increasingly unlikely that theyll outla st it.If you enjoyed this post, check out these other articles from OppLoans:The Secret Financial History of VotingHow Have Movie Stars’ Salaries Changed Over Time?Love and Money: A Brief History of DowriesIs There a Secret Money Lesson Hidden In “The Wizard of Oz?”Do you have a personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |Instagram

Employers Rank Global B-Schools

Global B-Schools QS World MBA Tour recently compiled a report on the world’s top 200 business schools according to employers. The findings are based on a survey of over 3,300 international recruiters for full-time MBA graduates. Employers that focus on domestic hiring only were not included. Employers were asked to identify those schools (out of a list of 500 global business schools) that they found attractive in regards to MBA hiring. Employers chosen were spread across 20 major industries, with consulting and professional services representing the largest sector. This is followed by banking and financial services and then HR/recruitment services. Other industries include manufacturing FMCG, IT, and energy. (You can view the chart on page 18 of the report for more details. Please note that it is not clear what the minimum number of hires a recruiter had to have to be included in the report) In terms of geographical distribution of the employers, the breakdown goes as follows: Latin America 33% Asia Pacific 29% Western Europe 20% Africa Middle East 6% Eastern Europe 6% US Canada 6% The report categorizes the ranking in various ways, so we’ll present here a sampling. See the full report for the full rankings. Elite Global 2012: North America (2011 rankings are in parentheses) Harvard Business School (1) Northwestern Kellogg (3) Stanford Graduate School of Business (2) Wharton (4) Columbia Business School (5) Chicago Booth (6) MIT Sloan (7) UC Berkeley Haas (8) UCLA Anderson (9) Duke Fuqua (10) Elite Global 2012: Europe (2011 rankings are in parentheses) INSEAD – France (1) London Business School – UK (2) IMD – Switzerland (8) IE Business School – Spain (5) IESE Business School – Spain (4) Oxford Saà ¯d – UK (3) SDA Bocconi School of Management – Italy (6) HEC MBA Program – France (9) ESADE Business School – Spain (7) The St. Gallen MBA – Switzerland (18) Specializations: Finance Wharton (1) Chicago Booth (2) London Business School (3) Harvard Business School (5) NYU Stern (4) Columbia (6) INSEAD – France (7) IE Business School (8) Stanford GSB (9) Northwestern Kellogg (10) Specializations: Entrepreneurship Harvard (1) Stanford (2) Wharton (3) IE Business School (5) INSEAD – France (4) MIT Sloan (7) Babson College (6) London Business School (8) Northwester Kellogg (9) Columbia (11) Specializations: Corporate Social Responsibility Harvard Business School (1) Stanford GSB (2) INSEAD – France (3) Wharton (4) IE Business School (11) Columbia (8) Dartmouth Tuck (5) London Business School (15) Northwestern Kellogg (7) Michigan Ross (9) Other specializations include Innovation, Information Management, International Management, Leadership, Marketing, Operations Management, and Strategy. //   Accepted.com ~ Helping You Write Your Best

Organizational Communication An Organization - 1591 Words

Introduction The way in which individuals in an organization communicate with each other is what organizational communication is referred as in the simplest of terms. However, a little more precisely in terms of organizational communication as a field, it is defined as the consideration, study, and the censure of communication. Therefore, it would be safe to say organizational communication is not merely the transfer of a message from one party to another but it is also an element which shapes up the future of a company and decides how it would look like in the coming times (Amant, 2007). Organizational communication holds massive significance for any firm, and this is complemented with the fact that a company which focuses on effective†¦show more content†¦However, in 1947 a writer named Herbert A. Simon specifically wrote in his book ‘Administrative Behavior’ about the importance of organizational communication, and this is where it all started for this field. Also, in 1961, the first book which actually only focused on organizational communication was published, named ‘Administrative Communication’ and it was written by Lee Thayer. Another major step forward in this field was when W. Charles Redding wrote the book named ‘Communication with the Organization: An Interpretive Review of Theory and Research.’ In this book, he wrote about 10 different hypothesizes regarding communication in organizations (Riel, 2007). For decades, the field was studied by many experts as it continued to emphasize on how communication could add to the output of a company and the impact that it would make, up until 1980s when the field was made to drift away, more towards the role of communication within companies. A few years later, the critical theory was coined and it had its impact on the field of organizational communication, helping the employees in organizations have a little more freedom over their jobs. Major Concepts in the Field The basic concept of organizational communication is to add to the effectiveness and efficiency of the workforce and go on to add to the overall output of the firm. This could be done on two distinct levels, internally and externally. Yet, the main concept is to add value to the firm

The California Gold Rush

The California Gold Rush was a remarkable episode in history sparked by the discovery of gold at Sutters Mill, a remote outpost in California, in January 1848. As rumors of the discovery spread, thousands of people flocked to the region hoping to strike it rich. In early December 1848, President James K. Polk confirmed that quantities of gold had been discovered. And when a cavalry officer sent to investigate the gold finds published his report in a number of newspapers that month, gold fever spread. The year 1849 became legendary. Many thousands of hopeful prospectors, known as Forty-Niners, raced to get to California. Within a few years, California transformed from a sparsely populated remote territory to a booming state. San Francisco, a small town with a population of about 800 in 1848, gained another 20,000 residents the following year and was well on its way to becoming a major city. The frenzy to get to California was accelerated by the belief that gold nuggets being found in stream beds would not be found for long. By the time of the Civil War, the gold rush was essentially over. But the discovery of gold had a lasting impact not only in California but on the development of the entire United States. Discovery of Gold The first discovery of California gold took place on January 24, 1848, when a carpenter from New Jersey, James Marshall, spotted a gold nugget in a mill race he was building at the sawmill of John Sutter. The discovery was purposely kept quiet, but word leaked out. And by the summer of 1848 adventurers hoping to find gold was already starting to flood into the area around Sutters Mill, in north-central California. Up until the Gold Rush, the population of California was about 13,000, half of whom were descendants of the original Spanish settlers. The United States had acquired California at the end of the Mexican War, and it might have remained sparsely populated for decades if the lure of gold had not become a sudden attraction. Flood of Prospectors Most of the people seeking gold in 1848 were settlers who had already been in California. But confirmation of the rumors in the East changed everything in a profound way. A group of U.S. Army officers was dispatched by the federal government to investigate the rumors in the summer of 1848. And a report from the expedition, along with gold samples, reached federal authorities in Washington that autumn. In the 19th century, presidents presented their annual report to Congress (the equivalent of the State of the Union Address) in December, in the form of a written report. President James K. Polk presented his final annual message on December 5, 1848. He specifically mentioned the discoveries of gold in California. Newspapers, which typically printed the presidents annual message, published Polks message. And the paragraphs about gold in California got a lot of attention. The same month the report by Col. R.H. Mason of the U.S. Army began to appear in papers in the East. Mason described a trip he had made through the gold region with another officer, Lieutenant William T. Sherman (who would go on to achieve great fame as a Union general in the Civil War). Mason and Sherman traveled into north-central California, met with John Sutter, and established that the rumors of gold were entirely true. Mason described how gold was being found in stream beds, and he also ascertained financial details about the finds. According to published versions of Masons report, one man had made $16,000 in five weeks and showed Mason 14 pounds of gold he had found in the previous week. Newspaper readers in the East were stunned, and thousands of people made up their minds to get to California. Travel was very difficult at the time, as argonauts, as the gold seekers were called, could either spend months crossing the country by wagon, or months sailing from East Coast ports, around the tip of South America and then onward to California. Some cut time from the trip by sailing to Central America, crossing overland, and then taking another ship to California. The gold rush helped create the golden age of clipper ships in the early 1850s. The clippers essentially raced to California, with some of them making the trip from New York City to California in less than 100 days, an astounding feat at the time. Impact of the California Gold Rush The mass migrations of thousands to California had an immediate impact. While settlers had been moving westward along the Oregon Trail for nearly a decade, California suddenly became the preferred destination. When the administration of James K. Polk first acquired California a few years earlier, it was generally believed to be a territory with potential, as its harbors could make a trade ​with Asia possible. The discovery of gold, and the great influx of settlers, greatly accelerated the development of the West Coast.

The European Migrant Crisis Understanding A Historical...

Katie Gillis Kazue Takamura November 16, 2015 The European Migrant Crisis: Understanding a Historical Anomaly The influx of Syrian refugees to Europe in the past year has sparked what is being called the ‘European Migrant Crisis’ and has drawn attention and the concern of the international community. In spite of the majority of Syrian refugees remaining in the region (in either Turkey, Lebanon or Jordan) the arrival of over 700,000 refugees in Europe has tested the limitations of political infrastructure in the face of development and human rights issues. In this paper I will argue that the historical, geographic, political, cultural, social and economic differences between the Middle East and Europe are main causes for the failures of the international community to uphold the 1951 U.N. Charter on Refugees. I believe that the fundamental ideological division between Syria and the West causes the insecurity accompanying the admittance of large numbers of Syrians (or other people of Middle Eastern origin) into Europe. This, coupled with the purely logistical challenges of moving p eople through the continent, dispersing refugees and distributing resources appropriately, is one of the main factors hindering the smooth integration of Syrian refugees. The ability of the international community to adequately address the needs of refugees (and particularly those whose lives have been torn apart by the Syrian civil war) should be an international priority, particularly due to theShow MoreRelatedSocio-Cultural Development17197 Words   |  69 Pagesimplies that there are certain values and ways of life that western societies might be said to share, such as: l Secularism—this refers to the increasing inï ¬â€šuence of rational and scientiï ¬ c thought, and the decline of religion as a framework of understanding and guide to behaviour. Consumerism or materialism—this refers to the view that achieving higher levels of consumption of goods and services leads to greater happiness. A good life means having more ‘stuff’. This attitude lies behind the beliefRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesorganization theory the book increases the understanding of a field that in recent years has become ever more fragmented. Organization theory is central to managing, organizing and reflecting on both formal and informal structures, and in this respect you will find this book timely, interesting and valuable. Peter Holdt Christensen, Associate Professor, Copenhagen Business School, Denmark McAuley et al.’s book is thought-provoking, witty and highly relevant for understanding contemporary organizati onal dilemmasRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesto the professional judgement of the producer of the piece †¢ Acutely aware of â€Å"shock effect† on the public created through grisly images and shocking, eclectic (free) perspectives on established issues †¢ Stir up emotions over a humanitarian crisis, one inevitably uses fottage of cadavers, mutilated and burnt †¢ Lamabaste an entity or concept, one can choose to adopt and acridly acerbic tone †¢ Media conveys information conducive to public debate. If government restricts this, stunt socialRead MoreI Love Reading Essay69689 Words   |  279 Pages2004, page 1-3, who succinctly states that ‘researching Entrepreneurship is fun, fascinating and frustrating†¦one of the fascinations is the richness of the phenomenon, which leads to one of its greatest frustrations, namely the lack of a common understanding of what precisely Entrepreneurship is’. See also Abhishek Goel, Neharika Vohra, Liyan Zhang, Bhupinder Arora’ ‘Attitudes of Youth towards Entrepreneurs and Entrepreneurship: A Cross Cultural Comparison of India and China’, Indian Institute of Management

Perspectives of the Beast - 820 Words

Perspectives of the Beast In Herman Melville’s Moby Dick and Ernest Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea we are introduced to two individuals who share different opinions on nature and the marvelous creatures that make up the world around them. In this paper, I will explore the differences between Captain Ahab and Santiago. In Moby Dick, we are introduced to Captain Ahab and his personal quest to avenge the personal loss he suffered at the jaws of what he considered to â€Å"evil† while Ishmael recounts â€Å" Ahab did not fall down and worship it like them; but deliriously transferring its idea to the abhorred white whale, he pitted himself, all mutilated, against it. All that most maddens and torments; all that stirs up the lees of things;†¦show more content†¦Only Ishmael is left to tell the tale in the end. Unlike Captain Ahab, Santiago in Hemingway’s novel shows deep compassion and respect for his prey despite the fact that he intends to kill the Marlin as he says â€Å"Fish, I love you and respect you very much but I will kill you dead before this day ends† (Hemingway pg 54.) It is passages like this which allows the reader to tell the differences between the two characters in that while one is obsessed with the destruction of his foe, the other embraces the very creature he intends to kill. Perhaps the biggest difference between Ahab and Santiago is when locked in confrontation with their intended targets as Ahab is stubborn to the end leading to his demise, while Santiago is willing to accept nature defending itself as shown in this passage â€Å"you are killing me, fish, but you have the right to. Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble thing than you, brother. Come on and kill me. I do not care who kills who† (Hemingway pg 92.) After reading this passage, I was able to truly understand the important differences between the two characters. Even after successfully killi ng the marlin, Santiago still manages to express admiration for the slain beast as he defends the remains against the great scavengers of the sea in the formShow MoreRelatedEssay on A Comparison of Beauty and the Beast with Toy Story1236 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Beast with Toy Story INTRODUCTION Disney is an excellent example of a Media corporation as it is known worldwide, go any where in the world and ask someone about Mickey Mouse or Daffy Duck and they will know that you are talking about Disney. They have a huge range of advertising and merchandise ranging from childrens books and films to holiday resorts and theme parks. The Disney brand appeals to all, children and adults alike. Beauty and the Beast is aRead MoreInner Evil in Lord of the Flies by William Golding Essay620 Words   |  3 Pagesfears. 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Once again refers to the headline of the chapter because the boys believe that the dead pilot is a creature or a beast. whispering like the wind Simile, a comparisonRead MoreLord of the Flies, by William Golding904 Words   |  4 PagesGolding uses the beast to return the boys of the island to their primal instincts, contributing to his commentary on human nature. The beast symbolizes the growing fear that lies dormant, deep in the children’s souls and turns the boys into uncivilized beings. William Golding uses the beast to instill fear in the souls of the boys. While everyone is scared of the beast and questioning what it exactly is, Simon suggests something else. He agrees with everyone that the beast might just exist. ButRead MoreBeauty And The Beast Analysis799 Words   |  4 Pages Beauty and the Beast ‘Beauty and the Beast’ is a traditional fairytale written by a French novelist named Gabrielle-Suzanne Barbot de Villeneuve. It was published in 1740, and Walt Disney brought it to life in 1991. The animated fairytale is about a boastful prince who is very prideful; He loves himself more than he could ever love anything else. One night while the prince was having a party at the castle an old beggar walked in offering the prince a rose as a gift. but the prince did notRead MorePublic Art : Chicago Is A Hub For A Booming Culture Of Art1399 Words   |  6 Pagesbeyond the city of Chicago. It is curious to think about what makes a successful work of public art, and why artists and observers alike are so intrigued with the art in Chicago. In my opinion, two works of Chicago’s public art, Monument with Standing Beast and Cloud Gate, serve as effective works of public art due to their complexity and appropriate placement in space, however Cloud Gate is more effective because of its personal appeal to the audience. In order for a work of public art to be consideredRead MoreAnalysis Of Beauty And The Beast 847 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Beauty and The Beast† is a classic well known romantic Disney movie that depicts the gender role of men and women in society. The film is based upon a smart young female protagonist named Belle who is imprisoned by a self-centered young prince after he has been turned into a beast. They both learn to love each other in the end and throughout the film there are several examples shown portraying the roles of gender. In the film the main characters Gaston and the Beast portray themselves as rude, conceitedRead MoreCharacter Essay of Simon - Lord of the Flies1041 Words   |  5 Pagesthere is a beast... maybe its only us (80). This also shows the fact that his meditation and deduction came before everyone elses. It was this that led him to the realistic thought that the Beast was within all of the boys, and that there was a little of the Beast in all the bo ys. Before he was interrupted by Jack, Simon was about to say, What I mean is. Maybe its only us. Simon became inarticulate in his efforts to express mankinds essential illness (89). This tells the Beast was mankindsRead MoreThe Island Of Doctor Moreau1708 Words   |  7 Pagesconsequently withdrawn the freedom that allows scientists to make innovative discoveries. In H.G. Wells novel The Island of Doctor Moreau, this perspective is portrayed through Edward Prendick, an upper class English gentleman with a subtle passion for science. After being stranded on a remote pacific island isolated from civilization, Prendick’s perspective on Dr. Moreau’s unethical and controversial studies begins to transform over time. The idea that isolation from civilization can result in theRead MoreThe Wild Beast by Peter Mass1286 Words   |  6 PagesMonthly, The Washington Post, Slate, and The New Yorker. Maass is the author of the short story â€Å"The Wild Beast† taken from t he book â€Å"Love Thy Neighbor: A Story of War†, in which chronicles the Bosnian War and won prizes from the Oversea Press Club and the Los Angeles Times. He currently resides in New York City. Thesis Statement: Maass refers to the dark moments in humanity as â€Å"the wild beast,’ where inhumanity runs amok and all morality is lost. After reading this story it can be figured that

The Salem Witch Trials Essay - 1333 Words

The Salem Witch Trials, taking place between February 1692 and May 1693, arose from a period of mass hysteria regarding witchcraft. The puritanical society of New England emphasized a need for a Bible-based society, which caused a fear of the supernatural and gave rise to the false accusations of â€Å"witches.† With testimonies of witches rooted in the Old Testament, the idea of witchcraft eventually made its way into the superstitious and everyday Puritan life, and was fueled by the rejection of the group during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I. The intense paranoia among the Puritans eventually led the group to go as far as even setting their own people on fire may be accounted for by the rejection of the religion itself. They were considered†¦show more content†¦Puritan teachings were influenced by Calvinist theology, leading to the â€Å"dismissal of idolatry and a focus on images drawn from scripture and everyday life.† The Puritans stressed the importance of community, as it was centered on the church and members were encouraged to report the sins of others in order to keep the community pure as a whole. As John Winthrop explained, â€Å"the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, explained in his letter written on May 22, 1643:† â€Å"Our civil Government is mixt: the freemen choose the magistrates each year and assist [them] in making of laws, imposing taxes, disposing of lands†¦ Our churches are governed by Pastors, Teachers, ruling Elders Deacons, yet the power lies in the whol e congregation.† The Puritans also had strict attitudes and superstitions that lead to religious extremism and false accusations. They believed in â€Å"absolute sovereignty of God† and placed considerable emphasis on scripture. It was â€Å"against the law not to attend church† and any other religion was attributed to Satan, whom the Puritans thought had profound influence on the weak individuals in society (women and children). The importance of having a righteous community influenced the Puritans to turn each other in for sinning, causing paranoia among community members. Witchcraft can be described asShow MoreRelated salem witch trial Essay1180 Words   |  5 Pagessalem witch trial This is about witchcraft and is started like this: In the winter of 1691-92, several people in Salem Village, most of them young women, but eventually including a few men and boys, began behaving in a strange unusual manner†, with an affect which was interpreted as illness. The towns minister, Samuel Parris, whose daughter and niece were among those with this odd affect, sought to cure the perceived problem with prayer; others, including a doctor of physic who was calledRead MoreSalem Witch Trial Hysteria Essay818 Words   |  4 PagesTwenty people were put to death for witchcraft in Salem during the 1692 Salem Witch Trial Hysteria. In The Crucible, a woman, Elizabeth Proctor, gets accused of witchcraft by a young girl by the name Abigail Williams, who just so happens to be having an affair with Elizabeth’s husband, John. Once John finds out Abigail accused his wife, he starts trying to find proof that all of these young girls are pretending that they are being hurt by these older women, just so that they will be hanged. The officialsRead MoreEssay about Salem witch trials1931 Words   |  8 Pages Salem Witch Trials: Casting a spell on the people Today, the idea of seeing a witch is almost inconsequential. Our Halloween holiday marks a celebration in which many will adorn themselves with pointy black hats and long stringy hair, and most will embrace them as comical and festive. Even the contemporary witchcraft religious groups forming are being accepted with less criticism. More recently, the Blair Witch movie craze has brought more fascination than fear to these dark and magical figuresRead MoreEssay on The Theories of the Salem Witch Trials1135 Words   |  5 PagesThe Theories of the Salem Witch Trials The Salem Witch trials and what caused them is very debatable. Some theories lead to Rye poisoning from bread to even people faking it. The most believable claim is that people were faking it. Everyone had a motive and they all just wanted to save themselves. It was a time when people were selfish and only cared for themselves. This time in Salem was a troubling time, making it seem likely that satan was active (Linder). The townsfolk are believed to haveRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials Essay1369 Words   |  6 PagesThe Salem Witch Trials The witch trials of the late 1600s were full of controversy and uncertainty. The Puritan town of Salem was home to most of these trials, and became the center of much attention in 1692. More than a hundred innocent people were found guilty of practicing witchcraft during these times, and our American government forced over a dozen to pay with their lives. The main reasons why the witch trials occurred were conflicts dealing with politics, religion, family, economicsRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials Essay2008 Words   |  9 Pageswomen and men. The madness continued for over four months. The notorious witch trials of Salem, Massachusetts occurred from June through September. It is a brief, but turbulent period in history and the causes of the trials have long been a source of discussion among historians. Many try to explain or rationalize the bizarre happenings of the witch hunts and the causes that contributed to them. To understand the trials and how they came to be, we must first examine the ideals and views of the peopleRead MoreSalem Witch Trials Essay1478 Words   |  6 Pages1692 marked a major event in history in the town of Salem, Massachusetts. The Salem Witchcraft Trials still leaves this country with so many questions as to what happened in that small town. With all the documentation and accounts of the story, people are still wondering why 19 people died as a result of these trials. This paper will discuss the events leading up to the Salem Witch Trials and the events that took place during and after the trials, and the men and women who were killed or spent theRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials Essay1349 Words   |  6 PagesBefore 1692, the supernatural was a part of people’s everyday normal life. This is so as people strongly believed that Satan was present and active on earth. Men and women in Salem Village believed that all the misfortunes that befell them were the work of the devil. For example, when things like infant death, crop failures or friction among the congregation occurred, people were quick to blame the supernatural. This concept first emerged in Europe around the fifteenth century and then spread toRead More Salem Witch Trials Essay876 Words   |  4 PagesSalem Witch Trials The Salem Witch Trials was probably considered the darkest time for the New England Colony. This was a mass murder of women and a few men that were supposed witches. All of this started from two little girls and a bacteria in the bread that affected the brain. This all started on January 20,1692 when nine-year-old Elizabeth Parris and eleven-year-old Abigail Williams started to exhibit strange behavior. Blasphemous screaming, Seizures, Trance-like states and MysteriousRead MoreThe Salem Witch Trials Essay1674 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough many people have their assumptions as to what specifically caused the Salem Witch Trials, no one has a definite account. One must use logic and prior knowledge to come to the conclusion and realize that multiple factors play a key role in causing the trials. The Salem Witch Trials were caused by religion, politics, teenage boredom, family feuds, economic conditions, and fears of the people. The overall effect of the trials was a major part in American history, not only was it a learning experience

Opportunity of this century Gillard In context with the image

Question: What is the opportunity of this century Gillard In context with the image? Answer: Introduction Julia Eileen Gillard is the 27th Prime Minister of Australia from 2010 to 2013 who worked as a leader in Australian Labor Party. Before that she was deputy prime minister of Australia and held a cabinet position in ministry of employment, education and workplace relation. She is the first and only woman to hold the place of deputy Prime Minister, Prime Minister and a leader of a party in Australia. She is the first female prime minister who became famous because of her fiery attacking speech on sexism and misogyny in the parliament. Relationship with the cartoon image Asias rise is the opportunity of this century, Gillard says. In context with the image Australia tied up coalition with Asian government which created a long term mutual benefit to Australia as well as Asia by amending white paper on foreign and trade policy[1]. Gillards government initiated the National broadband network (NBN) which took a step further to connect worldwide and her government also took some tax cuts, education reforms etc. for Australia. They increased the base pension rates and paid USD 207 per fortnight for single and USD 236 for couple pensioners[2]. The Australian government during 2010-13 also went to diversify its economy by increasing the export of its top two materials that is coal and iron ore. According to her the Australian government has seen an elite and sustainable growth in the mining industry. She said that China is not the only growing country- so are Cambodia, Vietnam, Indonesia, South Korea, India and Japan. Despite of such achievements Gillards government was unable to manage Australias border as the asylum seeker arrangement was regarded unlawful by Australian high court. Later to which the asylum seekers came through boat[3]. Australia is third biggest exporter of international education which acknowledges that students come to their region to grow and acquire education. During her period the federation intervened in commonwealth funding for the public hospital with Queensland, victoria and New South Wales resulting in difficulty for her to increase the threshold limit for funding. Gillards government took this decision to sell uranium to China as well as India as she thought that not exporting uranium to India will not stop them from making nuclear weapons. Therefore her labor party negotiated with Julia Gillards decision to export uranium to India[4]. The Mineral Resource Rent Tax (MRRT) which the government thought would achieve an optimum amount of revenue did not generate sufficient. Conclusion Concluding, Gillard took some decisions which somehow affected the country in both positive as well as negative ways. She is a strong independent woman who believes in equality and who wants to change the face of Australian politics. References Rodan, Garry. "Civil society and other political possibilities in Southeast Asia."Journal of Contemporary Asia27, no. 2 (1997): 156-178. Kate Talerico, Gillard talks Australias relationship with Asia, The Brown Daily Herald, https://www.browndailyherald.com/2015/03/05/gillard-talks-australias-relationship-asia/ (accessed 5 May 2017). Hameiri, Shahar, and Kanishka Jayasuriya. "Regulatory regionalism and the dynamics of territorial politics: The case of the Asia-Pacific region."Political Studies59, no. 1 (2011): 20-37. Sid Maher, Gillard defends decision to negotiate selling uranium to India, The Weekend Australian, October [1] Rodan, Garry. "Civil society and other political possibilities in Southeast Asia."Journal of Contemporary Asia27, no. 2 (1997): 156-178. [2] Kate Talerico, Gillard talks Australias relationship with Asia, The Brown Daily Herald, https://www.browndailyherald.com/2015/03/05/gillard-talks-australias-relationship-asia/ (accessed 5 May 2017). [3] Hameiri, Shahar, and Kanishka Jayasuriya. "Regulatory regionalism and the dynamics of territorial politics: The case of the Asia-Pacific region."Political Studies59, no. 1 (2011): 20-37. [4] Sid Maher, Gillard defends decision to negotiate selling uranium to India, The Weekend Australian, October 16, 2012.

How I Decided to Change My Life free essay sample

ENGLISH 2 COMPOSITION NANCYCABRERA THE DAY I DECIDED TO CHANGE MY LIFE The day I decided to change my life was the day I called upon the Lord. I was ready to take my precious life, in my room stretched against the wall with a knife in my hands ready to slit my wrist. I was crying intensely, and as I was trying to a Voice reminded me that I had 3 Boys who needed me , I started to cry and Called on Jesus to please help me. There is a point in life where we all decided to change many can find the way out. Others aren’t so fortunate; they never call upon the only one who can save their soul and life. My life hasn’t been easy there were many times in my life where I know the Lord was there to save me. Countless times I was in Near death Experiences where from My Car catching on Fire as I was driving, to Car Accidents where my Car flipped and thought I was never going to make it. We will write a custom essay sample on How I Decided to Change My Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Reality was I was headed down the wrong Road and all the while God was trying to catch my attention. Many times I did what I wanted, lived how I wanted, and never took time to truly seek him or know him. But change and a complete 360 change cannot occur unless we surrender and acknowledge our maker. I remember that my life was a wreck from Drinking and Partying Every Single Night, to having countless Relations with different partners not really ever finding love but just heart breaks. I had no goals in my life and thought life was just one great party. To make money I sold Drugs and escorted myself as a means to get by with fast money, I realized that this world sends this message to world yet it was illegal. My life was headed down the path that many are on now and I job knowing the Lord is to tell them there is hop found in the Lord Jesus. See before changing my life I had seeked Religion and other ways I thought could lead me to God but never did from Catholic to Jehovah Witness to Wiccan nothing could connect me or lead me to the true source of life. But then when I called upon him He answered. My life totally changed after my Ex-boyfriend got arrested from Selling Drugs, God had a plan for me because I was in New York at the time this happened. When I got back his Probation was to attend a Church Ministry Barbeque where they Spoke and preached about Jesus Christ. I had never heard the Gospel this way and for the first time I truly felt the Presence and Love of God, that Day they asked me if I wanted to receive Jesus as my Lord and Savior and I said yes. From that Day forward my life changed completely not only did I stop doing drugs, drinking, partying and having sex with every guy that was attractive to me but God finally started speaking to me, leading me to get my life in order the bible which once was not understandable I finally could read and he spoke to me through it. To many they don’t realize that change comes from the heart and that we all need to find the missing piece of our life which is God to find true change.

Writing a Personal Essay Into Graduate School Sample

Writing a Personal Essay Into Graduate School SampleThere are many ways to make a personal essay into graduate school. However, one of the easiest is to first write the essay as if it were a book report and then with the passage of time, allow it to shape up into a real article.Writing a personal essay into graduate school for publication is not something you should be doing just for yourself. No, you are writing this for your future classmates or your prospective grad advisor to read and hopefully to use as a reference point for your application. So you must be sure that your personal essay will create a good impression upon a reader that they will want to consider for your future endeavors.With your examination this past graduation year, you probably have already been thinking about what career path you would like to pursue, whether you would like to attend graduate school in English, philosophy, sociology, psychology, theology, or any other study. With that said, you must now deci de which area of the humanities and social sciences you would like to study. When you decide upon this decision, you should also think about why you feel you are better suited to these areas.You should do the same thing for the reading material you will use for your essays. Consider reading such classics as The Making of Americans by Joan Didion, and The Masters by Jack Sarfatti. These classic writings on writing essays and personal essays will give you an insight into what goes into making a great article.Another great way to make a personal essay into graduate school sample is to make use of different writing materials and sources that might be found online or in the library. Consider reading and posting to your personal Facebook page and perhaps posting on your current or former employer's wall. This may help you develop a better writing style and will also help you understand what has and hasn't worked well for other readers and writers.It will also help you hone in on how you w ant to express yourself, your ideas, and how you are best able to express yourself in a personal essay into graduate school sample. In short, you should have a clear understanding of how best to present yourself, your ideas, and how to address the reader that reads the essay. Make it the best it can be.Writing a personal essay into graduate school sample is something you can do with ease. Just remember that what works for others might not work for you.

Never Just free essay sample

â€Å"I love you.† Three words†¦three little words hiding somewhere in me. I was honest†¦for once. And things would never be the same. Have you ever had someone who, you thought, would stay with you forever if you asked? I did. But she’s gone. Everything we did, we did together. Phone calls dialed before noon turned into late night conversations. And although we were hours apart during the week, on weekends we were inseparable. Everything was just fine. Just†¦what a terrible adjective. No one should ever have to be just anything. But we were friends. Just friends. And now she’s gone. When her dad moved, we still had our phone calls†¦but what was once every weekend turned into every other. Every other turned into once a month. And now†¦it’s been almost two years. How did it come to that? Those three words. Just eight letters†¦just†¦there it is again. We will write a custom essay sample on Never Just or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If only things didn’t happen the way they did. If only I hadn’t lied to her†¦if only her dad hadn’t moved away†¦if only†¦if only I hadn’t used those three little words. Now she’s gone. And I’ve changed†¦thinking in some way it might bring her back. Was it the way I looked that pushed her away? Probably not. But I lost 75 pounds for her. Was it because I didn’t have academic goals? No. But I went from a 1.5 GPA one semester to a 3.875 another for her. She’s gone. And I’m glad. People grow. We change. Now, I focus on what matters: an education. Making a life for myself†¦one I’ll decide. I’ve always had goals†¦but never a way to reach them. Now that she’s come and gone, I can live the life I’ve always wanted. Whether it’s because of her or not, I’m happy with where I am and where I’m going.

10 Types of Energy and Examples

10 Types of Energy and Examples Energy is defined as the ability to do work. Energy comes in various forms. Here are 10 common types of energy and examples of them. Mechanical Energy Mechanical energy is energy that results from movement or the location of an object. Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy. Examples: An object possessing mechanical energy has both kinetic and potential energy, although the energy of one of the forms may be equal to zero. A moving car has kinetic energy. If you move the car up a mountain, it has kinetic and potential energy. A book sitting on a table has potential energy. Thermal Energy Thermal energy or heat energy reflects the temperature difference between two systems. Example: A cup of hot coffee has thermal energy. You generate heat and have thermal energy with respect to your environment. Nuclear Energy Nuclear energy is energy resulting from changes in the atomic nuclei or from nuclear reactions. Example: Nuclear fission, nuclear fusion, and nuclear decay are examples of nuclear energy. An atomic detonation or power from a nuclear plant are specific examples of this type of energy. Chemical Energy Chemical energy results from chemical reactions between atoms or molecules. There are different types of chemical energy, such as electrochemical energy and chemiluminescence. Example: A good example of chemical energy is an electrochemical cell or battery. Electromagnetic Energy Electromagnetic energy (or radiant energy) is energy from light or electromagnetic waves. Example: Any form of light has electromagnetic energy, including parts of the spectrum we cant see. Radio, gamma rays, x-rays, microwaves, and ultraviolet light are some examples of electromagnetic energy. Sonic Energy Sonic energy is the energy of sound waves. Sound waves travel through the air or another medium. Example: A sonic boom, a song played on a stereo, your voice. Gravitational Energy Energy associated with gravity involves the attraction between two objects based on their mass. It can serve as a basis for mechanical energy, such as the potential energy of an object placed on a shelf or the kinetic energy of the Moon in orbit around the Earth. Example: Gravitational energy holds the atmosphere to the Earth. Kinetic Energy Kinetic energy is the energy of motion of a body. It ranges from 0 to a positive value. Example:Â  An example is a child swinging on a swing. No matter whether the swing is moving forward or backward, the value of the kinetic energy is never negative. Potential Energy Potential energy is the energy of an objects position. Example: When a child swinging on a swing reaches the top of the arc, she has maximum potential energy. When she is closest to the ground, her potential energy is at its minimum (0). Another example is throwing a ball into the air. At the highest point, the potential energy is greatest. As the ball rises or falls it has a combination of potential and kinetic energy. Ionization Energy Ionization energy is the form of energy that binds electrons to the nucleus of its atom, ion, or molecule. Example: The first ionization energy of an atom is the energy needed to remove one electron completely. The second ionization energy is energy to remove a second electron and is greater than that required to remove the first electron.

What constitutes a prudent strategic planning process(In public Essay

What constitutes a prudent strategic planning process(In public service) - Essay Example In the process of establishing a strategy, the first measure has to be establishing a foundation for the process. This entails planning how to instigate the process of strategy making. This ascertains that no hitches are experienced in the planning process. According to Norman Flynn, this procedure is known as planning how to plan (Norman 184). This procedure further ensures that guidelines for the process are clearly articulated beforehand. The goal for setting out strategies entails achieving the mission and vision of the respective public organ. As such, it is imperative that these be spelled out clearly in the strategic planning process. This is hinged on the fact that, this ensures that the strategies are formulated in line with the respective vision and mission of the public organ. This assertion is further cited by other researchers (Bryson 266). When this is not adhered to, the public organ runs the risk of formulating redundant strategies thus impeding its overall benefit to the public. Often, there are intrinsic factors that prevent a firm from total effectiveness in its mandated task. It is only in the event where such factors, if indeed they exist, are addressed will the organization realize its mission and vision. As such, an important element in a strategic management process identification of these factors. These intrinsic factors fashion a core rationale behind the failure of public endeavors (Steiner, 325). A variety of different strategies are normally proposed during the strategic planning process. However, it takes significant deliberation to arrive at the most beneficial avenue. The team tasked with this mandate has to weight the impact of all the proposed strategies and recommend the most appropriate one. The team must seek to answer preset questions on the best avenue to employ (Sukumar 134). The best strategy should be the one that positively answers these preset questions. At its climax, the planning process

Case study of Dr. Stephanie White Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Case study of Dr. Stephanie White - Essay Example (Kahler, 2000) In the case of reducing cost of $ 94,000 without compromising on the operation or quality care of the organization, one has to study previous year costs and their impact on overall performance of Uptown Clinic. As Uptown Clinic is a small organization depending on the services provided for the mental health patients so one can reduce the cost by reducing human resources for general operations within the organization. In Uptown Clinic, the assistant to administrator and one of two secretaries should be fired so Uptown Clinic can reduce cost of their salaries that is $ 56000. Further there is not much need of security for Uptown Clinic so cost of securities charges can be saved that is $ 12000. Uptown Clinic can easily reduce further cost of $ 14000 by smart purchasing and utilization of supplies. Further Uptown Clinic should hire a social worker of less profile than the present one for outpatient mental health treatments in order to reduce cost of $12000.

Seeing As Being Prepared To See Philosophy Essay

Seeing As Being Prepared To See Philosophy Essay Ralph Waldo Emerson says aptly: People only see what they are prepared to see  [1]  . It means that people will only see thing as they want it to be. On the other hand, it simply means that we see things as we are. Why could not we see things as they are instead as we are? Therefore, how can we be sure that what we perceive now is the way it is supposed to be? The reasons of why this happened because of the ways of knowing. There are four ways of knowing that can misled our seeing and understanding of the things which are perception, reason, emotion and language. But however without them, we cannot create knowledge of reality and truth because brain does not have a direct contact to the real world. It is somehow these ways of knowing do help us to see and understand things as they are but just to a certain extent. Therefore, in this essay, I intend to discuss to what extent we see and understand things not as they are but as we are. Language is a conventional code of symbols that allows a sender to formulate a message that can be understood by a receiver. How we see things is strongly influenced by our language and our seeing also makes influence on our thinking. Therefore, our thinking cannot be separated from our language and even we could say that our language limits our thinking. According to the Linguistic Relativity Theory, an individuals nature language determines the way the individual thinks and perceives the world which also can bewitch the intelligences  [2]  . One example is infinite monkey theorem. This theorem states that a monkey hitting keys at random on a typewriter keyboard for an infinite amount of time will almost surely type a particularly chosen text, such as the complete works of William Shakespeare  [3]  . People always misinterpret by the true meaning of this theorem (by linguistic and perception). With the picture of the chimpanzee typing a typewriter will cause people to regard and value it as an art. People may have thought that the picture of the chimpanzee is the same as the Cassius Marcellus Coolidges work of his paintings in the dogs playing poker  [4]  genre. But the truth is the picture and the theorem is all about Mathematics that illustrates the perils of reasoning about infinity by thinking a vast but finite number and vice versa From the context, the words of almost surely is a mathematical term with precise meaning and the monkey is not an actual monkey but it is a metaphor for an abstract devices that produces a random sequences of letters ad infinitum. At first we really do see it not as the theorem but instead as the art of the monkey. It is because the sense of our sight which is perception and the language gi ve us false idea of what the theorem really is. Hence, the language itself will limit our seeing and understanding things not as they are but as we are. Unless we already study about the theorem beforehand, we will know what the picture of chimpanzee and the context of the sentence of the theorem are trying to convey the meaning. So, we will see the theorem as it is but not as we are. This implies that many words have no true meaning; rather they have so many different meanings which can only be appreciated in context. Therefore, we must be aware of the true meaning to be able to use a word accurately because word can mean so many things in so many situations that require us to perceive it based on our knowledge and experiences which are often being limited by our senses. So, one must understand the context, or background, in which a word is used to have a grasp on the meaning of the word itself. Understanding the context of a word is nearly as important as an understanding of the word itself, as the situation controls to a degree how the word will be used.The result would be language which is far more clear, precise, and less mislea ding, or bewitching. When language free of most problems it would make it an even greater tool and developing better understanding and knowledge through this communication, ultimately it would help us to see things as they are. Moving on to science, I believe there is always a new paradigm to it due to scientists see things as (we are) where suppose they should have see things as they are. Why does paradigm changes from time to time? Does paradigm occur because of we (scientists) see and understand things not as they are but as we are (scientists)? According to the historian of science, Thomas Kuhn, paradigm is the word refers to the set of practices that defines a scientific discipline at any particular period of time.  [5]  In other words, scientists have always work based on their paradigm which is a normal science of that particular scientific community. Normal science is an assumption (might be deceived by the perception, emotion and reasoning) that the scientific community knows what the world is like. So, scientists will adjust and modify their paradigm if falsifications become apparent but consistently stay within it. Eventually, there comes a point when new observations are no longer compatible with the existing paradigms. From here the revolution occurs and new paradigm will replace the old one. All this is happening because the paradigm itself is a human construct and all the scientific observations are made by using our human senses, human intelligences and human rationality which the ways of knowing are necessary in these processes. However, these ways of knowing (perception, emotion, language and reasoning) that exist among scientists can limit their capabilities to see things as they are. Therefore, scientists will always come about with new ideas, assumptions and theory that cause the amendments of the paradigm. To further up, according to Kuhns book, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions  [6]  , he said that the perception of the world depends on how the percipient conceives the world where two scientists who witness the same phenomenon and are steeped in two radically different theories will see two different things. One of the examples is the ideas of the Charles Darwin and Abbot Gregor Johann Mendel about the inherited characteristics from two parents into their child  [7]  . Darwin suggested that the characteristics of the mother and father were blended to produce a child who looks similar to both. Abbot Gregor Johann Mendel developed theories over seven years by studying and testing pea plants. In the 1930s, the Mendels conjectures, The Law of Segregation and the Law of Independent Assortment were found correct after the genetics and research into inheriting traits began to be investigated. On the other hand, Darwins speculations of the blending theory only pervaded into the first offspring of two parents but not with the characteristics which Darwin could not explain, but Mendel did. This shows that the two scientists have two different theories on the same phenomenon because of the perception, emotion and reasoning are different to each other. But this paradigm could not be a promising in the future since paradigm always changing based on human being observations and assumptions that are mainly seize by our ways of knowing. The first principle is that you must not fool yourself and you are the easiest person to fool.   (Richard Feynman, American theoretical physicist, 1918-1988)  [8]   Even though sciences always give us the areas of uncertainty, but without sciences we would not be able to know the world. We could not see the things as they are without the existence of science. Whatever inadequacies as a way-of-knowing science may have are inadequacies caused by the fact that it is a human construct but there is no way-of-knowing created by humans will ever be entirely reliable, entirely precise, and entirely objective. The way we develop our scientific knowledge, science as a way-of-knowing is pragmatic. Thus, it must be consider as reliable, precise and objective. On the other hand, there is a scientist who models their claim on science for good reason. It also can be the most reliable way-of-knowing and be the best justified true belief if we are limiting ours way-of-knowing to the physical and world around us. Without our realisation, there is an absolute way-of-knowing in which justification is absolutely independent of observation. Plus, there is also an obs ervation that requires our justification that based on our way-of-knowing solely. Hence, the thing that we see and understand may do not need us to see them as they are but as we are. In conclusion, we do see things as we are but not as they are but just to a certain extent. All the areas of knowledge will help us to see and understand things more as they are but not as we are. Although there is some part that we as a human are not capable of seeing and understanding the thing as they are since our ways of knowledge can be deceiving but we can be guided by any theories in Mathematics and Sciences. Not only that, with the developing technologies we will eventually see and understanding things as they are and we can reassure our belief in the world.

Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide are Murder Essay -- Euthanas

Assisted Suicide is Murder    "If suicide is a right, then it is one that has remained undiscovered throughout the ages by the great thinkers in law, ethics, philosophy and theology. It appears nowhere in the Bible or the Koran or the Talmud. Committing suicide wasn't a "right" a thousand years ago, and it isn't one now. That's why most societies, including our own, have passed laws against it" (Callahan, pg. 71). Assisted suicide is murder! In all of history, "there are only three circumstances that have been an acceptable way for taking a life: killing in self-defense or in protection of another life, killing in war, and in the case of capital punishment, killing by agents of the state. This law doesn't allow anywhere in the United States the right for one person to kill another even if the latter requests it to be done" (Callahan. pg. 71). However, Dr. Jack Kevorkian has committed this last type of killing several times. In the Hippocrates Oath, a physician swears not to give poison to anyone, though asked to do so, nor to suggest such a plan (Biema). With the technology and advancements in medicine today, who is to say that a person's illness couldn't be cured within the next few months? Why should a person have to make the choice of ending his or her life if (s)he is unsure about a cure? How can someone else know if another person is really experiencing unbearable pain and suffering? Who gets to be the person who tells another that his or her life isn't worth living? Many persons who want to legalize assisted suicide probably never looked at the risks that could happen if assisted suicide is legalized. If assisted suicide was legal fifty years ago, we wouldn't have some of the advancements that control pa... ...t To Die?" Time . January 13, 1997 pgs. 60-61 Callahan, Daniel. "Physician -assisted Suicide Should Not be Legal." Suicide: Opposing Viewpoints. Biskup, Michael. ed. San Diego. Greenhaven Press, Inc.1992. Christensen, Damaris. "Court upholds Banning Assisted Suicide." [On-Line]. Medical Tribune . July 17, 1997. Available : http:// www.medtrib.com / issues / July 17/ Assisted Suicide.htm Downloaded: November 24, 1997 "Euthanasia and Physician Assisted Suicide: All Sides." [On-Line]. Available: http://www.relgious tolerance.org/euthanas.htm #beli Downloaded: November 6, 1997 "Law Prohibiting Assisted Suicide Upheld." [On-Line]. Available: http://anaserve.com/~phb/suic.htm Downloaded: November 24, 1997 Potts, Stephen G.. "Euthanasia Should Not Be Legalized." Euthanasia: Opposing Viewpoints. Bernards, Neal. ed. San Diego. Greenhaven Press, Inc. 1989.

Public vs Private Schooling

As American support for the public education system dwindles, many parents find the only place for their children to receive a quality education is in a private school. The areas that are most important to a private school are also the ones that seem to be lacking in public schools. These include safety, order, teaching the basics and challenging young minds. Across the nation, public education systems continue to fail students, therefore many have chosen, like myself, to attend private Catholic high schools to receive an education that will better prepare them for college. Overcrowded public high schools have been dealt with the problems of insufficient funding, large class sizes, students who simply refuse to learn and are disruptive. Due to an increase in violent acts committed, many public high schools have instituted low level security measures to ensure the safety of students. The types of security found in these schools include closed campuses, controlled access to the school building and grounds, random drug and metal detector, banning certain types of clothing, and either full or part time security guards have been assigned. How can students be expected to learn and teachers educate in an environment like this Through personal experience I have found out that it is almost impossible to focus on learning in an atmosphere that is forced to emphasize personal safety rather than education. My first eight years of education were spent at area public schools in and around Chicago, IL. During this time I witnessed approximately 100 fights, 3 teachers being assaulted by students and numerous drug and weapons arrests. Many of these acts were merely boyish fights and left no lasting impression. One incident that has scarred me for life was when a student came to school with a five-inch knife and proceeded to stab an administrator in front of approximately seventy students, myself included. I simply stood there not knowing what to do, too shocked to blink, too terrified to move. The victim recovered fully and the perpetrator, who at the time was fifteen, is now in jail. Is this the atmosphere that children should be placed in to receive the fundamental elements of education that will prepare them for high school and eventually college There is enough concern about the quality of education in public schools that many private schools have been bombarded with applications in recent years. This is the case with my alma mater, Saint Marys High School. Run by the Archdiocese of Chicago, it is a small, coeducational, Catholic school located in downtown Chicago, IL. With a graduating class of less than 150, Saint Marys fosters a college curriculum with small controlled classes and an emphasis on personal, intellectual and religious growth all in a morally sound environment unlike anything found in public schools. The problems facing many public schools are non-existent at most private schools. They have no need to institute security measures because discipline is not a problem. Students know that the school board can expel anyone that hinders learning in the classroom. Disruptive and violent actions are taken seriously and are not tolerated under any circumstance. At Saint Marys there are various types of honors courses designed for students that have specific interest in a particular subject. There is also a program set up for students to receive not only tutoring but instruction from Midshipmen attending the United States Naval Academy, located only a few blocks from the high school. This type of program not found in any public or private school is one that places Saint Marys on a far superior level. For those who choose not to take any honors courses there is a challenging curriculum that places students in small classes therefore making learning a very personal experience between teacher and student. I found the most intriguing part of attending Saint Marys was the emphasis they placed on religion. From the classroom to the athletic field students know that they are representing not only there family but Saint Marys High School and the whole Archdiocese of Chicago. The mandatory religion classes taught were not focused on right and wrong but how to improve your own personal view of life. They challenged us to Walk in the shadow of God and learn from His teachings. Students at Saint Marys are committed to serving the community and those in need, not to enhance a resume but because they truly want to. Private schools across the nation have fewer disciplinary problems than public schools because they can be selective in whom they choose to accept into there institute. Those who apply truly want to learn and are willing to spend thousands of dollars a year to ensure that they receive the best education possible. With that money they dont expect to have to fear for their safety, or fear that they will not learn anything in class because one person is disruptive. Altogether receiving a private Catholic education not only prepared me for college but also ensured that I will be a more mature and well-rounded individual throughout my life.